Makhafola v Mudau and Others (J578/00) [2002] ZALC 10 (6 February 2002)

55 Reportability

Brief Summary

Labour Law — Review of arbitration award — Applicant seeking review of dismissal found fair by arbitrator — Allegation of bias against arbitrator due to interference in proceedings — Court finding lack of rational connection in arbitrator's reasoning regarding dismissal — Award set aside and matter referred back for re-arbitration.

Sneller Verbatim/DM
IN THE LABOUR COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
BRAAMFONTEIN CASE NO: J578/00
DATE: 2002.02.06
In the matter between
ELIAS MAKHAFOLA Applicant
and
COMMISSIONER - A.R. MUDAU 1st Respondent
COMMISSION FOR CONCILIATION
MEDIATION AND ARBITRATION 2nd Respondent
STARCK DOORS CORPORATION 3rd Respondent
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J U D G M E N T
Delivered on 6 February 2002
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REVELAS J:
1. This is an unopposed application for the review of an  
award   made   by   the   first   respondent   in   favour   of   the  
third   respondent   in   which   it   was   found   that   the  
dismissal of the applicant was fair, both procedurally

and   substantively.       There   has   been   no   opposition   on  
behalf of the first respondent who filed a statement to  
say that he would abide by the decision of the court in  
this matter.
1. 1. 2. One   of   the   grounds   of   attack   against   the   second  
respondent,   the   arbitrator,   is   that   he   was   biased   in  
that   he   interfered   in   the   proceedings   and   asked  
questions   on   behalf   of   the   third   respondent,   who   was  
the   employer   party   at   the   proceedings.     There   is   no  
typed   transcript   recording   the   proceedings.   It   is  
therefore not possible for me to make a finding in this  
regard.   However, I have considered the award and the  
award   stands   to   be   set   aside   if   I   am   able   to   make   a  
finding   that   the   conclusion   arrived   at   by   the  
arbitrator   was   not   rationally   or   reasonably   connected  
to the facts before the arbitrator.  
3. The   arbitrator  referred   to  the   misconduct  in   question  
which was the failure to carry out an instruction given  
by the third respondent to the applicant and which the  
applicant had failed to carry out.   The applicant had  
worked   for   the   third   respondent   for   a   period   of   12  
years.     The   arbitrator   does   not   mention   what   the  
offence was, what the instruction was and he does not  
deal   with   the   reasons   why   it   was   not   carried   out,  
whereas   there   is   some   reference   to   the   fact   that   the

applicant was assisting a co­employee at the time the  
instruction was directed to him.
4. In circumstances where one finds that the dismissal was  
fair,   there   should   be   at   least   some   reference   or  
reasoning as to why the instruction was reasonable.  In  
respect of the reasoning as to why the applicant should  
be   dismissed   for   this   offence,   the   arbitrator   states  
the following ­
1. 1. "In a contract of employment, my understanding as
laid down by labour legislation, is that the employer has the
responsibility to provide work, while the employee has the duty
to render his services in a subordinate manner. The
interpretation of this statement would mean that the employee
does not have a choice as to what work to do, but should be
instructed. Where there are problems the company grievances
procedure should be triggered and used to resolve the
complaints and problems which the employee may have."
5. This   is   entirely   incorrect.     It   is   trite   that   the  
instruction given to an employee must be a reasonable  
one   and   there   is   no   precedent   or   provision   in   Labour  
Law which I know of which provides that an employee has  
to   render   his   or   her   services   in   a   "subordinate  
manner."     If   the   employee   or   the   applicant   in   this  
matter   was   insubordinate   or   refused   to   carry   out   a  
reasonable   instruction,   that   much   must   have   at   least

been dealt with by the arbitrator.  There is not even a  
reference   as   to   what   the   nature   of   the   refusal   was  
neither to the facts, and it is also very difficult to  
find this in the record provided by the arbitrator.  
6. In   the   circumstances   this   is   a   matter   where,  
particularly   in   the   absence   of   any   opposition   to   the  
allegations   made   by   the   applicant   in   his   founding  
affidavit, the award should be set aside.  
7. This   is   not   a   matter   where   I   can   substitute   the  
arbitrator's   finding   with   my   own   findings.     I   have  
already   made   reference   to   the   lack   of   reasoning.     In  
the circumstances the dispute is referred back to the  
Commission   for  Conciliation   and  Mediation   to  be   heard  
by another arbitrator.
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E. Revelas