NUMSA and Others v CCMA and Others (J1939/99) [2000] ZALC 90 (1 September 2000)

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Brief Summary

Labour Law — Review of arbitration award — Review application challenging dismissal of employee for unauthorized possession of company property — Allegations of gross irregularity against commissioner for aggressive cross-examination and failure to consider material evidence — Court finding that commissioner acted within her duties to clarify evidence and that dismissal was justified based on the evidence presented — Application dismissed with costs.

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K2.1011
J1939/99  JUDGMENT
Sneller Verbatim/HDJ                         CASE NO. J1939/99
IN THE LABOUR COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
HELD AT BRAAMFONTEIN
2000­09­01
In the matter between:
Applicants
and
CCMA AND OTHERS                               Respondent
                                                             
J U D G M E N T   
                                                             
PILLAY AJ :  
1.This is a review of an arbitration reward issued by the second respondent.  
The background to the dispute was that Mr Minnaar, an employee of the  
third respondent, had come on duty on the evening in question.   He had  
been informed by the foreman who had been on duty before him, that he  
(the foreman) had left a welding machine next to a preheater.   When Mr  
Minnaar went to inspect the welding machine he found that it was not at  
the preheater.   He continued his inspection of the plant and found the  
welding machine at or near the spinner.
2.He subsequently observed the second applicant driving a fork lift which had  
been loaded with the welding machine.  About fifty metres away a bakkie  
was parked outside the perimeter fence or wall.  These facts, which were  
not   in   dispute,   led   to   the   second   applicant   being   charged   with   the  
unauthorised   possession   of   company   property.   He   was     dismissed.   The  
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second   respondent,   the   commissioner   confirmed   the   dismissal   at   the  
arbitration.
3.The ground on which it was submitted that the award was reviewable was that  
the second respondent had committed a gross irregularity by (a) entering  
the arena and aggressively cross­examining the second applicant; and (b)  
by failing to take material evidence into account and by making findings  
in regard to evidence which was not led.
4.The court was referred to parts of the record of the arbitration.   It was  
submitted   that   the   second   respondent   descended   into   the   arena   by  
interrogating the second applicant about where the welding machine was  
and why it was there.  
5.Mr   Minnaar   had   marked   as   "A"   the   position   of   the   preheater   where   he   was  
told he would find the welding machine.  It was put to Mr Minnaar under  
cross­examination   that   the   second   applicant   had   moved   the   welding  
machine from the preheater, that is, from point A to point B, for safety  
reasons.     Mr   Minnaar   disputed   this   by   saying   that   point   B   was   more  
dangerous.  This evidence had not been challenged.
6.By posing the questions that she did, the second respondent was clarifying  
as she was duly bound to do, where on the plan that was apparently being  
used   at   the   arbitration,   did   the   second   applicant   find   the   welding  
machine. As it transpired, he confirmed that it was at point B and that  
he had moved it to point C.  
7.The second applicant’s reason for moving the machine, was that the welding  
machine was near the conveyor where waste, that is fine coal, was being

removed and the welding machine could have been damaged.
8.When   the   second   respondent   expressed   doubts   about   the   second   applicant's  
version,   the   applicants'   representatives   explained   that   the   issue   was  
not whether the welding machine would have been damaged or not if it had  
not   been   moved,   but   whether   the   second   applicant   "perceived"   that   it  
would have been damaged.   The second applicant had also testified that  
he did not take the welding machine to the workshop as he should have  
done because it would have taken him too long to go there and get back  
to work  at the  furnace.    These explanations  appeared to  be artificial  
and improbable.  The second respondent was entitled to probe the second  
applicant.
9.It would have been remiss of the second respondent not to have asked the  
questions   that   she   did.     She   had   a   duty   to   express   her   reservations  
about   the   credibility   of   the   second   applicant   and   his   version   and   to  
give the parties an oppor tunity to clarify the issues for her.  If in so  
doing   the   applicants   perceived   her   to   be   biased,   then   such   perception  
cannot   be   reasonable   in   the   circumstances.   The   second   respondent   was  
merely   trying   to   do   her   duty   by   ensuring   that   she   understood   the  
evidence.
10.It is required of commissioners to conduct arbitrations under the auspices  
of the CCMA "in a manner that the commis sioner considers appropriate in  
order to  determine the  dispute fairly  and quickly  with the  minimum of  
legal   formalities".   Section   138(1)   anticipates   that   a   degree   of  
robustness will be tolerated.  Consequently, whether a commissioner has  
regard to submissions from the bar as opposed to evidence, will depend  
on the materiality of the submissions to the case as a whole and whether  
they are disputed.  
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11.In   this   case   it   was   submitted   for   the   applicants   that   the   second  
respondent's conclusion that the "disciplinary and appeal hearings were  
held   according   to   company   procedure   and   he   was   dismissed   for   alleged  
possession of  company property",  was not  based on  any evidence  led by  
the parties, but upon a statement from the bar.   In the absence of any  
evidence   or   submission   to   the   contrary   the   second   respondent   was  
entitled   to   come   to   this   conclusion.     The   second   respondent   did   not  
consider the submission to be sufficiently serious in the circumstances  
of this case to warrant it being treated more formally. The acceptance  
of submissions from the bar in these circumstances does not vitiate the  
award.
12.The second respondent's rejection of the second applicant's evidence was  
not based only on a statement from the bar, but on the evidence of Mr  
Minnaar.     The   second   applicant   had   not   advanced   a   defence   that   was  
reasonably   probably   true.   Nothing   from   the   record   of   the   arbitration  
proceedings suggest that the second respondent disregarded any evidence  
that supported the second applicant's case.  
13.The fact that co­employee Khuta was not charged is irrelevant to deciding  
whether   the   second   applicant   had   committed   the   offence.     On   the  
contrary,   the   second   respondent   would   have   been   entitled   to   draw   an  
inference adverse to the second applicant because of his failure to call  
Khuta as a witness if he was available.
14.The   second   respondent's   conduct   of   the   proceedings   was   in   the  
circumstances consistent with the provisions of section   138(1) and (2)  
of the Act.   The reasons for her findings and her conclusions of facts

justify the outcome.
15.The application is dismissed with costs.
         
Pillay J
APPEARANCES IN CASE J1939/99
For the Applicants            :   Adv G I Hulley
For the Respondents           :   Adv M J van As
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