SACCAWU and Others v Cash Paymaster Services (Pty) Ltd (J3104/99) [2000] ZALC 48 (19 June 2000)

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Brief Summary

Labour Law — Dismissal — Unprotected strike — Employees dismissed for participating in an unprotected strike — Union's application for condonation of late referral to Labour Court — Court finding that the union failed to provide a satisfactory explanation for the delay in referral — Application for condonation refused and costs awarded against the union.

VIC & DUP/JOHANNESBURG/LKS
IN THE LABOUR COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
HELD AT JOHANNESBURG
DATE:  19 June 2000 CASE NO. J3104/99
 
In the matter between:
SACCAWU AND OTHERS   Applicants
and
CASH PAYMASTER SERVICES (PTY) LTD Respondent
                                                           
                           J U D G M E N T
LANDMAN, J : 
[1] Cashmaster Services (Pty) Ltd dismissed 18 employees on 3 April 1998 for  
embarking   on   an   unprotected   strike.     The   employees   were   members   of  
SACCAWU.  The union referred a dispute concerning their dismissal to the  
CCMA on 12 May 1998.   The CCMA provided a certificate that the dispute  
remained   unresolved.     Thereafter   the   union   referred   the   dispute   for  
arbitration.  The employer objected to this as it alleged that the CCMA  
lacked jurisdiction.
[2] The commissioner, who apparently provided the certificate of 12 May, was  
also the commissioner who was to hear the arbitration.  He purported to  
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issue a replacement certificate on 13 November 1998.  This
certificate indicated that the dispute was still unresolved.
[3] The   union   office   at   Nelspruit   decided   to   institute   proceedings   in   the  
Labour Court.  A copy of Form 1 was faxed to the registrar of this court  
on 23 March 1999.   The registrar did not respond to this request.   The  
responsibility   for   this   matter   was   subsequently   passed   to   the  
Johannesburg office of the union.  A fresh application for a case number  
was made on 12 August 1999.  A statement of case was thereafter filed on  
23 August.
[4] On 24 January 2000 the union filed an application for the condonation of  
the   late   filing   of   the   statement   of   claim   "within   the   period   of   time  
reasonably   expected   of   them   to   do   though   the   Labour   Relations   Act  
applicable   before   the   amendment   did   not   prescribe   the   period   of   time  
within which a referral must be done".
[5] Mr   Zibi,   who   appeared   for   the   union,   however   stressed   that   the  
application   was   made   ex   abuntanti   cautela   because,   he   contended,   the  
application   was   in   fact   launched   timeously.     The   employer   opposes   the  
application.
[6] The   union   was   obliged   to   refer   the   dispute   to   this   court   within   a  
reasonable period of the failure of the CCMA to resolve the dispute on  
12 May 1998.  The dispute was, however, referred on 23 August 1999.
[7] I should mention that in terms of the amendment to section 191(11) of  
the   Labour   Relations   Act   66   of   1995,   which   came   into   effect   on   2  
February 1999, any outstanding dispute was required, at the best for the  
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union, to be referred within 90 days of that date.There is no merit in  
the contention that this amendment did not apply to disputes which had  
arisen prior to it coming into operation.
[8]   If, however, I were to assume that the certificate of 13 November 1998  
is a valid one, then a reasonable time within which to refer the dispute  
would have been about three months but possibly longer.   In any event  
the union thought that by 23 March 1999 it was reasonable to refer the  
dispute to the Labour Court.   This is why the union applied for a case  
number.
[9] The   result,   on   the   premise   supposed   above,   is   that   the   union   must  
explain the delay between 23 March 1999 and 23 August of the same year,  
a period of some five months.   The explanation which is tendered does  
not   deal   satisfactorily   with   the   period.     The   Nelspruit   office   made  
telephonic enquiries and referred the matter to its Johannesburg office  
on 29 May.   This office began to attend to the matter at the beginning  
of July and applied for a case number to refer the dispute on 23 August.  
The delay is, however, even greater and less acceptable if the validity  
of the certificate of 13 November 1998 and the circumstances surrounding  
and   the   union's   conduct   regarding   these   proceedings   is   taken   into  
account.
[10]  The certificate which was issued on 13 November 1998 is, in my opinion,  
invalid.   Once a commissioner issues a certificate the commissioner is  
functus officio  unless possibly both parties request an amendment.  See  
Ruijgrok   v   Foschini   (1999)   20   ILJ   635   (LC).     There   is   no   reason   to  
believe that the union itself believed that the certificate was properly  
issued.     If,   however,   there   was   such   a   belief   it   was   utterly  
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unreasonable.     The   union   was   negligent   in   referring   this   dispute   for  
arbitration when it was clearly a matter which should have been referred  
to the Labour Court.  It ought to have referred the matter to the Labour  
Court by 13 November at the very latest.  Because it was not referred by  
this date, or indeed earlier, it was incumbent on the union to explain  
honestly   and   openly   why   this   was   not   done.     The   union   was   obliged   to  
explain its mistake and the circumstances surrounding the issue of the  
replacement certificate.  This has not been done.
[11] The affidavits which have been filed in support of the application had  
not been  approached with  the requisite  care and  diligence.    The union  
has not seen fit to explain the position prior to 13 November fully as  
it was obliged to do so.  It should at least have confessed its mistake  
and explain how it came about.
[12] The union submits that it has good prospects of success.   Its case is  
stated very simply and blandly.   It says the employees were engaged in  
an   essential   service,   they   were   dismissed   for   striking   without   being  
given an ample and sufficient ultimatum and without any explanation in  
their   vernacular   of   the   ultimatum.     They   say   the   employer   failed   to  
inform   the   union   of   their   decision   to   dismiss   the   employees,   claiming  
that it did not recognise the union.
[13] The employer in its answering affidavit has set out in great detail the  
factual circumstances surrounding the decision to dismiss the employees.  
This clearly leaves bold allegations of the union in doubt.  I am of the  
opinion that the union's prospects of success, when weighed up against  
the   case   which   is   made   out   by   the   respondents,   and   particularly   when  
viewed   against   the   briefs   which   were   issued   and   the   warning   that  
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unlawful strike action could lead to dismissal, do not assist the union.
[14] The employer stated that it will suffer prejudice if this dispute were  
to be referred. That must clearly be the case because a long time has  
elapsed between the date of dismissal and the date that this matter will  
come to trial.
[15] This   is,   in   my   opinion,   a   case   where   the   application   for   condonation  
should be refused.  It is refused and the applicants are ordered to pay  
the   respondent's   costs   of   the   main   application   and   this   application,  
jointly and severally, the one paying the other to be absolved.
DATED AT JOHANNESBURG ON THIS 21 st DAY OF JUNE 2000
           
A A LANDMAN
JUDGE OF THE LABOUR COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
Date of hearing: 15 June 2000
Date of judgment: 19 June 2000
For the applicant: Mr Zibi union representative
For the respondent: Adv T. C. Tiedemann instructed by Webber Wentzel Bowens
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