Swart v Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration and Others (J457/99) [1999] ZALC 122 (17 August 1999)

45 Reportability

Brief Summary

Labour Law — Review of CCMA award — Applicant seeking review of CCMA decision on jurisdiction — Commissioner finding applicant not an employee under Labour Relations Act — Founding affidavit lacking necessary grounds for review as per Rule 7A(2) — Court allowing postponement for applicant to supplement affidavit to properly articulate review grounds — Fairness necessitates opportunity for proper submission despite procedural deficiencies.

VIC & DUP/JOHANNESBURG/LKS
IN THE LABOUR COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
HELD AT JOHANNESBURG
CASE NO. J457/99
 
In the matter between:
SWART, J J Applicant
and
COMMISSION FOR CONCILIATION, MEDIATION
AND ARBITRATION AND OTHERS  Respondents
   
J U D G M E N T
___________________________________________________________
KENNEDY, AJ:  
[1] In   this   matter,   Mr   Swart,   the   applicant,   has   brought  
an   application  on   notice  of   motion  seeking   the  review   and  
setting   aside  of   a  decision   of  a   commissioner,  Mr   Breedt,  
in   the   CCMA.     In   terms   of   the   award   handed   down   it   is  
apparent that the commissioner decided that the CCMA lacks  
the   necessary   jurisdiction   to   hear   the   labour   dispute   on  
the   basis   of   a   finding   that   the   applicant   was   not   an

employee and therefore fell outside the ambit of the Labour  
Relations Act.
[2] The   notice   of   motion   filed   by   the   applicant   in   the  
present   matter   is   supported   by   an   affidavit   which   follows  
the   standard   form   referred   to   in   the   rules   but   it   simply  
sets   out   a   few   basic   facts   such   as   to   identify   both   the  
applicant   and   the   respondents   and   it   refers   also   to   the  
fact that he seeks to review the award handed down by the  
commissioner.
[3] The founding affidavit does not, however, set out any  
grounds on which he seeks to review the award and does not  
set out any factual averments as to why he seeks to attack  
the validity or the regularity of the award.
[4] The   rules   of   this   court   in   such   matters   are   clear.  
The procedure for reviews of CCMA awards is dealt with in  
Rule 7A of the Rules of this Court.   In particular I refer  
to Rule 7A(2) which reads as follows:
"The Notice of Motion must ­
(a) call   upon   the   person   or   body   to   show   cause   why   the  
decision or proceeding should not be reviewed and corrected

or set aside;
(b) call   upon   the   person   or   body   to   despatch   within   ten  
days   after   receipt   of   the   Notice   of   Motion,   to   the  
Registrar,   the   record   of   the   proceedings   sought   to   be  
corrected   or   set   aside   together   with   such   reasons   as   are  
required by law or desirable to provide and 
to notify the applicant that this has been done;  and
(c) be   supported   by   an   affidavit   setting   out   the   factual  
and   legal  grounds   upon  which   the  applicant   relies  to   have  
the decision or proceedings corrected or set aside."
[5] In   the   present   matter   it   is   clear   that   the   latter  
provision,   namely   the   requirement   in   subrule   (2)(c),   that  
the   factual   and   legal   grounds   be   set   out   on   which   the  
applicant   relies   to   have   the   decision   corrected   or   set  
aside, has not been complied with at all.
[6] On   the   face   of   it,   therefore,   the   founding   affidavit  
fails   to   comply   with   the   requirements   of   the   rules.     I  
must, however, take into account the fact that Mr Swart is  
a   lay   person   who   is   unrepresented   and   is   clearly   not  
familiar with the provisions of the court rules.   He seeks

the   opportunity  to   have  the   matter  postponed   in  order   for  
him to supplement or amend his affidavit in support of his  
review.     I   asked   him   briefly   to   give   an   outline   of   the  
nature   of   the   grounds   on   which   he   alleges   that   the  
arbitrator acted in an irregular or improper way, in other  
words   the   grounds   for   the   contemplated   review.     Much   of  
what he submitted to me appeared to be irrelevant as far as  
review grounds are 
concerned   but   he   did   none   the   less   indicate   at   least   one  
point on which there seems to be at least the kernel of a  
possible ground for review, namely that he alleged that the  
third   respondent   in   the   present   matter,   Mr   Lyczynski,   had  
submitted   documents   to   the   arbitrator   on   which   the  
arbitrator   relied   in   coming   to   his   decision   and   which  
documents were not given to the applicant in order for him  
to peruse them and to have an opportunity to deal with them  
either   in   evidence   or   argument.     Of   course   it   is   not  
appropriate   for   me   at   this   stage   to   deal   with   whether   or  
not that allegation is correct, that is a matter that seems  
to be required to be dealt with by way of proper affidavits  
to be filed by the parties concerned and, if necessary, for  
the   commissioner,   if   called   upon   to   do   so,   to   deal   with  
that in due course.

[7] The   third   respondent,   Mr   Lyczynski,   resisted   the  
application   for   postponement   on   the   basis,   firstly,   that  
the case had properly been heard by the arbitrator in the  
CCMA and, secondly, on the basis of a submission that the  
applicant was abusing the court process by bringing a case  
devoid of merit as he has allegedly done, according to Mr  
Lyczynski, in other courts and on other occasions.
[8] Neither of these points, in my view, is a proper basis  
to avoid the request for postponement.   Whether or not the  
case   was   properly   heard   by   the   commissioner,   by   the  
arbitrator   in   the   CCMA,   is   of   course   the   question   which  
will   have   to   be   decided   in   due   course   in   the   review  
application.     If   I   grant   the   postponement   to   allow   the  
applicant to put forward his allegations in proper form, in  
the form of an affidavit, to set out  inter alia , the ground  
that   he  has   referred  to   already,  that   affidavit  will   then  
have   to  be   served  on   Mr  Lyczynski   as  well   as  on   the  CCMA  
and   the   commissioner   to   enable   each   of   them   to   file  
whatever   affidavit   or   other   evidence   they   may   wish   to  
resist   the   review.   The   court   in   due   course   can   then   test  
and   decide   whether   the   case   was   indeed   properly   heard   by

the commissioner.
[9] The   second   point   raised   by   Mr   Lyczynski,   namely   that  
the applicant is abusing the court process is, in my view,  
on the evidence before me not supported by any proper basis  
for me to reach such a conclusion.  It appears to me on the  
face   of   it   that   the   applicant   is   simply   ignorant   of   the  
court processes and rules and he 
should,   in  the   interests  of   fairness  and   in  the   interests  
of   resolving   the   dispute   on   its   merit,   be   granted   to   an  
opportunity to file further papers.
[10] However,   this   matter   cannot   be   left   on   an   indefinite  
basis and he therefore should be put on terms to file 
the   affidavit   with   reasonable   time.     I   there   grant   the  
following order:
(a)  This application is postponed  sine die ;
(b) The   applicant   is   directed   to   file   a   supplementary  
affidavit   to   set   out   the   grounds   on   which   he   seeks   to  
review the second respondent's decision; 
(c) That   affidavit   is   to   be   filed   within   ten   days   of  
today.
____________________

ACTING JUDGE KENNEDY  
APPLICANT IN PERSON
THIRD RESPONDENT IN PERSON
DATE OF HEARING : 17 AUGUST 1999
DATE OF JUDGMENT : 17 AUGUST 1999