Dhlamini and Others v Filta-Matix (Pty) Ltd (J 248/99) [1999] ZALC 2 (1 January 1999)

45 Reportability

Brief Summary

Labour Law — Dismissal — Costs — Applicants claiming relief for alleged unlawful lock-out — Court finding that applicants were dismissed, not locked-out — Application deemed misconceived — No costs order made against applicants or their union representative due to lack of fair notice from respondent regarding dismissals.

IN THE LABOUR COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
HELD AT JOHANNESBURG
CASE NO:J 248/99
In the matter between:
A DHLAMINI AND 27 OTHERS Applicant
and
FILTA­MATIX (PTY) LTD  Respondent
JUDGMENT
BASSON, J:
[1] The respondent in this matter, Filta­Matix (Pty) Ltd, prays for a costs order against  
the applicants in this matter, Andries Dhlamini and 27 others, on the basis that  
their urgent application (withdrawn earlier today) was misconcieved and fatally  
defective.
[2] It is clear that the application was brought on the understanding that the applicants  
were   being   unlawfully   locked­out   by   the   respondent   and   that   this   formed   the  
essence  of  the  relief  claimed   in terms   of the  notice   of motion   (although  other

forms of  relief that is clearly not applicable or not suitable was also prayed for).  
Had there been an unlawful lock­out, the applicants could have claimed relief in  
terms of section 68 of the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (“the Act”).
[3] It is clear that the applicants were initially under the impression that the actions of  
the respondent constituted an unlawful lock­out.  However, the facts, as it appears  
from the respondent’s answering affidavit, show that they were, in fact, dismissed  
and were not being locked­out. 
[4] When I consider whether to grant an order as to costs in terms of section 162 of  
the   Act,   in   the   interests   also   of   fairness,   the   question   is,   first,   whether   the  
application   was   misconceived   or   frivolous   based   on   the   facts   known   to   the  
applicants   at   the   time   when   the   application   was   lodged   and,   second,   if   the  
respondent incurred costs as a result thereof.
[5] It would appear from the papers before the court that the applicants were informed  
by the  respondent on 18 January 1999, when they reported for duty, that they had  
been dismissed and that letters in this regard had been sent to them by registered  
post.  The allegation
is also made that copies of the letters were offered to them.
[6] However,   I   am   not   persuaded   that   the   representative   of   the   applicants,   the

Consolidated General Industries Workers Union of South Africa, who acted on  
their   behalf   and   was   also   instrumental   in   compiling   the   application   before   the  
court, in acting on their behalf did so with the full knowledge of these facts.  I say  
this because of a letter contained at page 22 of the documents before the Court.  
[7] This is a letter dated 18 January 1999 and it appears to be common cause that it  
was   received   by   the   respondent   before   the   respondent   compiled   its   answering  
affidavit in this matter.
[8] This letter is dated the 18 January 1999, that is, the day on which the applicants  
were allegedly informed that they were dismissed:
“Re lock­out to our members
We are very much concerned  about your actions against our members  in your  
establishment since last year immediately after joining the union.   Your attitude  
towards our union is totally unacceptable to us we have received a report that  you 
have  locked­out  our  members   out  of  your  premises   after  they  returned   from  
leave   today   and   you   told   them   that   their   jobs   have   been   taken   over   by   new  
employees.   What does this actually mean?  Bear in mind that  this is regarded  
by myself as an unprotected lock­out  and we shall apply to the Labour Court for  
an  interdict. We expect for your answer today, the 18th January 1999  for an  
urgent  meeting   to   address   this   problem   in   an   amicable   way   as   possible”  
(emphasis supplied).

[9] It   is   clear   that   the   union   was   acting   on   behalf  of   its   members,   the   applicants  
before the Court, when writing this letter and when taking the decision whether to  
bring this application for an interdict.  The union sought information as to whether  
the employees, that is, the applicants, were being locked­out.
[10] In my view, the respondent should have supplied the necessary information to the  
union as it was now made aware of the fact that an interdict would be sought  
against it on the basis of an alleged unprotected lock­out.   It was namely a very  
simple task for the respondent to immediately answer this request for information  
from   the   union   by   stating   that   the   applicants   were   indeed   dismissed   and   that  
copies of their dismissal letters could be obtained from the respondent.
[11] This crucial information, however, was not supplied to the union as there is no  
evidence before me that the respondent ever answered this letter by the union.  
Instead, the respondent chose to wait until it compiled and served its answering  
affidavit to supply the required information. 
[12] It would appear therefore that the contention of Mr Ramogale on behalf of the  
union  today in  Court is correct,  to the  effect  that  the first  time  that  the  union  
received this information about the dismissals was when the answering affidavit  
was delivered.

[13] Taking into account this fact I do not regard it as fair to make a costs order either  
against the union­representative of the applicants before the court or against the  
applicants individually for the costs incurred by the respondent in opposing this  
application and in filing an answering affidavit.
[14] In the event, I make no order as to costs.
________________________
BASSON,J   
JUDGE OF THE LABOUR COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
ON BEHALF OF THE APPLICANTS : MR B RAMOGALE
: Consolidated   General   Industries   Workers  
Union of South Africa
ON BEHALF OF THE RESPONDENT : ADV P KENNEDY
: Nam­Ford Attorneys
: 22 JANUARY 1999
DATE OF JUDGMENT : EX TEMPORE  (edited version)
This judgment is available on the internet at http://www.law.wits.ac.za.