Pareto Ltd v Old Mutual Life Assurance Company (South Africa) Ltd (67/LM/Oct09) [2010] ZACT 6 (29 January 2010)

70 Reportability
Competition Law

Brief Summary

Competition — Merger Approval — Unconditional approval of merger between Pareto Limited and Old Mutual Life Assurance Company (South Africa) Limited — Pareto to acquire 50% ownership interest in Menlyn Shopping Centre and Cavendish Square and Cavendish Connect — Tribunal finding that merger does not substantially prevent or lessen competition in regional shopping centre market in Gauteng and Cape Town — No public interest issues raised.

COMPETITION TRIBUNAL OF SOUTH AFRICA
Case No: 67/LM/Oct09
In the matter between:                                                       
Pareto Limited         Acquiring Firm
And
Old Mutual Life Assurance Company (South Africa) Limited        Target Firm
Panel : N Manoim (Presiding Member) A Wessels, (Tribunal Member), 
and A Ndoni (Tribunal Member) 
Heard on : 9 December 2009
Order Issued : 9 December 2009
Reasons Issued: 29 January 2010
Reasons for Decision
Approval
[1] On   9   December   2009,   the   Tribunal   unconditionally   approved   the   merger  
between   Pareto   Limited   and   Old   Mutual   Life   Assurance   Company   (South  
Africa) Limited. The reasons for approving the transaction follow. 
The parties
[2] The primary acquiring firm is Pareto Limited (“Pareto”), on behalf of a nominee,  
a   company   yet   to   be   formed   (“Newco”).   Pareto   is   a   company   incorporated  
under the company laws of South Africa. Pareto is 60% controlled by the Board  
of   Trustees 1
  of   the   Eskom   Pension   &   Provident   Fund   (“EPPF”)   and   40%  
1  The Board of Trustees consist of  Mr  XK Memani, Mr  MN  Bailey, Mr  B Blignaut,  Mr  WE  
Green, Mr A Jeawon, Mr GJ Kruger, Mr D Macatha, Ms JM Maisela, Mr TJ Matsau, Ms EM  
Pule, Mr WJ Swart, Mr MAP Tseki, Adv. NK Tsholanku and Dr EZ Xaba.

controlled by the Public Investment Corporation (“PIC”). The parties submitted  
that PIC does not control Pareto. The EPPF does not control any other firm  
besides Pareto.
[3] The PIC is solely controlled by the Minister of Finance on behalf of the state.  
The   PIC   controls   various   firms   including   CBS   Property   Portfolio   Limited  
(“CBS”).
[4] The  shareholders  and   the  shareholding  of   Newco   will   be  identical   to that  of  
Pareto. Thus Newco will be 60% controlled by EPPF and 40% controlled by  
PIC.
[5] The primary target firm is Old Mutual Life Assurance Company (South Africa)  
Limited (“OMLACSA”), in respect of the two regional shopping centres, namely  
the   Menlyn   Shopping   Centre   in   Pretoria   and   the   Cavendish   Square   and  
Cavendish Connect (“Cavendish”) in Cape Town (“primary target properties”).
The transaction
[6] In terms of the proposed transaction, OMLACSA will sell 50% of the ownership  
interest   in   the   primary   target   properties   (Menlyn   Shopping   Centre   and  
Cavendish Square and Cavendish Connect) to Pareto. Pareto has elected to  
nominate   a   yet­to­be   established   special   purpose   vehicle   as   the   purchaser.  
Post merger Menlyn Shopping Centre and Cavendish Square and Cavendish  
Connect will be jointly controlled by Newco and OMLACSA.
THE PARTIES’ ACTIVITIES 
Primary acquiring firm
[7] The   EPPF   is   a   defined   benefit   fund   with   defined   employer   and   employee  
contributions that provides retirement, withdrawal, death and disability benefits  
to members, pensioners and/or dependents. The EPPF’s investments consist  
of fixed interest and money market investments, shares and fixed properties. It  
owns and manages an office complex in Parktown, Johannesburg and office  
park housing EPPF’s offices in Bryanston, Johannesburg.
2

[8] The   PIC   invests   funds   on   behalf   of   the   public   sector   entities   including   the  
Government   Employees   Pension   Fund   and   is   one   of   the   largest   investment  
managers   in   South   Africa.   The   PIC   manages   a   number   of   properties   which  
provide   office,   retail,   industrial   and   other   rental   space.   The   PIC   also   owns  
properties through its subsidiary CBS.
[9] Pareto   is   an   unlisted   property   variable   loan   stock   company   and   its   main  
business is investing in immovable property. Pareto focuses on acquiring and  
developing major retail centres in South Africa. Although the merging parties  
submitted that the PIC does not control Pareto, for completeness sake we shall  
consider the properties owned by PIC. Thus we shall consider the properties  
owned by Pareto, the PIC and CBS in Gauteng and Western Cape. 2
Primary target firm
[10] OMLACSA conducts business in the life assurance sector in Southern Africa,  
through   which   it   provides   life,   disability   and   health   insurances,   retirement  
savings   and   investment   products   to   individuals   and   groups.   It   also   has  
investments in fixed property located throughout South Africa including retail,  
office   and   industrial   property.   For   the   purposes   of   this   transaction,   only  
OMLACSA’s   interests  in  the  target   properties  are  relevant   and  these  are  its  
interests  in   Menlyn   Shopping   Centre  and   Cavendish   Square   and   Cavendish  
Connect.
Rationale for the transaction
[11] Pareto’s   business   goal   is   to   provide   sustainable   long­term   property   income  
growth   and   hence   sustainable   cash   distribution   to   shareholders.   It   aims   to  
achieve the growth in property income by optimising the usage of the existing  
property   investments   through   refurbishments   and   extensions   and   acquiring

property   investments   through   refurbishments   and   extensions   and   acquiring  
new   retail   properties   with   a   minimum   GLA   of   30   000   square   metres.   The  
proposed  transaction   is  in  line   with  Pareto’s  pursuit   of   the above   mentioned  
goal.
[12] OMLACSA ...  [CONFIDENTIAL]
2 See p9 of the Commission’s recommendations to the Tribunal for a complete list of the  
properties owned by the acquiring group..
3

The relevant market
[13] The Commission and the parties submitted that the relevant product market is  
the market for regional  shopping  centres. The merging parties further stated  
that the regional markets can in fact be divided into super regional shopping  
centre   (Menlyn   Shopping   Centre)   and   minor   regional   shopping   centre  
(Cavendish Square and Cavendish Connect).
[14] The Commission and the merging parties submitted that the geographic market  
is local and is restricted to a 40­50km radius. 3
Competition analysis 
[15] We   now   turn   to   analyse   competition   in   the   relevant   geographic   markets   in  
greater detail below.
Regional Shopping Centres in Gauteng
[16] In   Gauteng,   OMLACSA   owns   Menlyn   Shopping   Mall.   Pareto   owns   56%   of  
Westgate Shopping Centre which is 77km from Menlyn Shopping Centre, 67%  
of  Southgate Mall  that   is  63Km from  Menlyn  Shopping  Centre and  100% of  
Cresta Shopping Centre that is 58km from Menlyn Shopping Centre. 4  As the  
merging parties and the Commission submitted that competition in this market  
takes place in a radius of approximately 40­50km we conclude that Pareto’s  
shopping centres (Westgate, Southgate and Cresta Shopping Centres), do not  
compete with the Menlyn Shopping Centre as they are located more than 50km  
from it.
[17] Although Sandton City, is a regional shopping centre that has the same offering  
as Menlyn Shopping Centre in terms of tenant mix and shopping experience,  
there is no need to consider it for the purposes of this merger as Pareto has a  
non­controlling minority interest and does not participate in its management or  
exercise any voting rights in that regard. 5
3  Based   on   information   from   IPD   and   the   South   African   Property   Owners’   Association  
(“SAPOA”), and previous Tribunal decisions, the Commission and the parties concluded that  
the geographic market is local.
4 See record p31.
5 See Transcript pp 8­9.
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[18] Post merger, Pareto will  have a market share of 20.1% and will  continue to  
compete with  various   firms  in  this  market  which   include  Growthpoint   (with  a  
20.1% market share), Liberty (with a 15.6% market share), Attfund (with a 8.7%  
market   share),   Hyprop   Investments   (with   a   8.5%   market   share),   and   Sasol  
Pension   Fund   (with   a   8.3%   market   share),   among   others.   The   merger   will  
therefore not result in a substantial prevention or lessening of competition in the  
market for regional shopping centres in Gauteng.
Regional Shopping Centres in Cape Town
[19] In Cape Town, the two shopping centres owned by the acquiring firms namely,  
Pareto’s 57.5% interest  in  the  Tyger  Valley   Centre  and the PIC’s  controlling  
interest in Vangate Shopping Centres, are situated between 10­35km radii of  
the Cavendish Shopping Centre. As a result, they are likely to be regarded as  
competitors   of   Cavendish   Shopping   Centre.   The   post   merger   market   share  
does not raise competition concerns as the merged entity will continue to face  
credible   competition.   Post   merger,   Pareto   will   have   a  market   share  in  Cape  
Town of approximately 16.3%. In addition, the merged entity will continue to  
face competition from various firms like Sycom Property Fund (with a 16.2%  
market   share),   Hyprop   (with   a  12.2%  market   share),   Fountainhead   Property  
Fund   (with  an  11%  market   share),   and   Attfund   (with  a  6.3%  market   share),  
among   others.   The   merger   is   therefore   unlikely   to   lead   to   a   substantial  
lessening   or   prevention   of   competition   in   the   market   for   regional   shopping  
centres in Cape Town.
Public Interest 
[20] There are no public interest issues.
Conclusion
[21] The   merger   is   approved   unconditionally   as   it   does   not   lead   to  a   substantial  
prevention or lessening of competition as shown above. In addition, there are

prevention or lessening of competition as shown above. In addition, there are  
no public interest issues. 
________________ 29 January 2010
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N Manoim DATE
Tribunal Member
A Wessels and A Ndoni concurring.
Tribunal Researcher :  R Kariga
For the merging parties: Cliffe Dekker Hofmeyr Attorneys
For the Commission : N Harilal (Mergers and Acquisitions)
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