Nestl� (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd and Dairymaid-Nestl� (Pty) Ltd (61/LM/Nov01) [2002] ZACT 4 (24 January 2002)

60 Reportability
Competition Law

Brief Summary

Competition — Merger Approval — Nestlé (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd acquiring Dairymaid-Nestlé (Pty) Ltd — Nestlé South Africa, a subsidiary of Nestlé SA, acquires full ownership of Dairymaid-Nestlé, previously jointly owned with Tiger Brands Limited — The Competition Tribunal approves the merger, finding no substantial lessening of competition in the relevant ice-cream market, as Nestlé South Africa does not compete in that market outside of its subsidiary — Public interest concerns raised by the Food and Allied Workers’ Union were not substantiated, leading to unconditional approval of the transaction.

COMPETITION TRIBUNAL 
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
     Case No: 61/LM/Nov01
In the large merger between: 
Nestlé (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd
and
Dairymaid­Nestlé (Pty)(Ltd)
________________________________________________________________
Reasons for Decision
________________________________________________________________
APPROVAL
On   16   January   2002   the   Competition   Tribunal   issued   a   Merger   Clearance  
Certificate approving the merger between Nestl é   (South Africa ) (Pty) Ltd and  
Dairymaid­Nestlé   (Pty)   Ltd   in   terms   of   section   16(2)(a).   The   reasons   for   the  
approval of the merger appear below.
Present Structure 
100%
Nestlé  South  
Africa
Tiger Brands  
Limited
50% 100%50%
Dairymaid­
Nestlé  Tiger N’Dabeni
Nestlé SA (Swiss)

The merger transaction 
Nestlé South Africa (“Nestl é South Africa”), a fully owned subsidiary of the Swiss  
confectionary company, Nestl é SA, is acquiring ownership of its subsidiary  
Dairymaid­ Nestl é (“DN”), which is jointly owned by Nestl é South Africa and Tiger  
Brands Limited (“Tiger”).  Nestl é South Africa is acquiring Tiger’s equity share, as  
well as the unsecured, non­interest bearing claim of Tiger against DN. Upon  
completion of the merger, DN will be a wholly­owned subsidiary of Nestl é South  
Africa.
A second component of the agreement is that Tiger Food Brands (N’Dabeni) will  
cede, assign and transfer to Nestl é the list of Dairymaid trademarks in various  
countries, which Tiger ND presently owns and licenses to DN, together with the  
goodwill thereof. Upon completion of this transaction, Nestl é will be the new  
holder of the list of Dairymaid trademarks. 
Rationale for the Transaction
The merging parties state that Nestl é wants to get more fully involved by owning  
the   businesses   in   which   it   is   active. 1  Tiger’s   reasons   are   strategic   ­   being   a  
management   company,   it   prefers   to   hold   100%   of   its   subsidiaries   where  
appropriate. It is also evident that Nestl é is in fact more involved in the day­to­
day management than is Tiger.
The relevant product market
The acquiring firm is engaged in the manufacture of a broad array of grocery  
items,   ranging   from   confectionary   (chocolates)   to   ice­creams   (via   DN)   to   pet  
foods to instant foods to infant foods. 
The target firm manufactures and distributes a wide variety of ice­cream.  2 
Confining its analysis to ice­creams ( the target firm’s product), the Commission  
identified three categories of product line: 
 Take­home product
 Impulse product
1  Nestlé  SA, the Swiss holding company’s has no other activity in South Africa but through its wholly­
owned subsidiary, Nestl é  (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd.

owned subsidiary, Nestl é  (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd.
2  A complete list  of product appears in Tables 1­4 on pages 4­7 of CC report.
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 House brands
The Commission went on to equate take­home ice­cream with house brand ice­
creams   because   they   were   substitutable   from   the   consumer’s   perspective,   in  
terms of characteristics, price and intended use. It referred to this broadly as the  
take­home ice cream market . This they maintain is fully distinguishable from  
the   impulse product market , where ice­cream is bought from vendors, small  
retail outlets and supermarkets and consumed on the spot.  Since Nestl é South  
Africa is not involved at all in this latter market, other than through DN,  there is  
no product overlap in the impulse market.
In the   take home market , where ice cream is used as a dessert or snack, the  
Commission   states   that   its   characteristics   are   unique,   therefore,   it   is   not  
substitutable   with   the   products   already   manufactured   by   Nestl é   South   Africa.  
The Commission are therefore of the view that no product overlap exists between  
this product market and the products manufactured by Nestl é South Africa. 
Geographical  Market
No further investigation into this was done in the light of the absence of a product  
overlap.
Effect on Competition
Nestlé   South   Africa   is   effectively   augmenting   its   own   product   line   by   officially  
acquiring   DN’s  ice­cream  line.   Although   Nestl é  South  Africa  has  always  been  
active   in   this   product   line   via   DN,   its   subsidiary,   DN   is   now   becoming   the  
acquiring   firm’s  wholly   owned  subsidiary.   There   is,   accordingly,   in  all   material  
respects, no change to the parties’ respective competitive positions.  Nestl é has,  
and will continue to be, involved in the day­to­day running of DN and marketing  
strategies will not change. According to the Commission, neither Nestl é SA or  
Nestlé South Africa compete in the ice cream market, other than through DN.
Public Interest Issues
The affected union, the Food and Allied Workers’ Union (“FAWU”) did not submit

The affected union, the Food and Allied Workers’ Union (“FAWU”) did not submit  
any filing to participate since no employment or other public interest issues arise.
Conclusion
The Tribunal endorses the Commission’s finding that this transaction will not  
substantially lessen or prevent competition in the relevant market and  
accordingly approves the transaction unconditionally.
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_____________ 24 January 2002
D. Lewis Date
  
Concurring: N.M. Manoim, P. Maponya
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