S v Mofokeng (79/2003) [2005] ZAFSHC 146 (10 November 2005)

55 Reportability
Criminal Law

Brief Summary

Criminal Law — Sentencing — Substantial and compelling circumstances — Appellant, a first offender aged nineteen, convicted of housebreaking with intent to commit robbery and robbery with aggravating circumstances, sentenced to fifteen years imprisonment — Appeal against sentence on grounds of misdirection regarding substantial and compelling circumstances — Court finds cumulative factors, including youth, acknowledgment of wrongdoing, lesser role in crime, and real prospects of rehabilitation, constitute substantial and compelling circumstances — Original sentence set aside and substituted with eight years imprisonment.

IN THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
(ORANGE FREE STATE PROVINCIAL DIVISION)
Appeal No. : 79/2003
In the appeal between:­
PETRUS SAMPI MOFOKENG Appellant
versus
THE STATE Respondent
_____________________________________________________
CORAM: VAN DER MERWE  J  et  MATSEPE  AJ
_____________________________________________________
HEARD ON: 7 NOVEMBER 2005
_____________________________________________________
JUDGEMENT BY: MATSEPE AJ
_____________________________________________________
DELIVERED ON: 10 NOVEMBER 2005
_____________________________________________________
[1] The appellant was found guilty in the Regional Court, Virginia 
on 22 November 1999 on a count of housebreaking with  
intention  to  commit  robbery  and  robbery  with  aggravating 
circumstances   and   was   sentenced   to   a   15   (fifteen)   year 
prison term.  
[2] The appellant is appealing against sentence only.
[3] The sentence imposed was imposed on the basis of the 
provisions of section 51(2) and 51(3) of Act 105 of 1997.  The 
court a quo had found that there were no substantial and 
compelling circumstances compelling the court to depart from the 
minimum sentence provided for.  The question therefore that 
needs to be canvassed is whether the court a quo misdirected 
itself in finding that in the circumstances of this case there were no 
substantial and compelling circumstances.  It is not for this Court to 
approach this issue as if it were the trial court itself and thereafter 
to substitute the sentence arrived at by the court a quo simply 
because it is preferred.
[4] Indeed it was the approach of the court  a quo  that if it had  
found   the   existence   of   circumstances   amounting   to  
substantial and compelling circumstances as provided for in  
section 51(3)(a), it would have been empowered to impose a  
lesser sentence than the one prescribed.   In the matter of  
STATE v MALGAS  2001 (1) SACR 469 (SCA) p. 469 b – c  
the court states the following:­
“the greater the sense of unease a court feels about the imposition of a  
prescribed sentence, the greater its   anxiety will be that it may be  
perpetrating an injustice.”
A sense of unease can only rightly exist if there is weighty  
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justification for it.  
[5] The court comes to the conclusion that the circumstances  
therein cumulatively regarded indicated that a sentence of  
life imprisonment would be unjust and that thus it qualified as 
one   where   substantial   and   compelling   circumstances   are 
present.  In that case the appellant had a clean record, she  
was   driven   into   the   commission   of   the   offence   by   a 
domineering personality, she gained nothing from the crime,  
she showed genuine remorse and further because of her  
youthfulness the prospects of her rehabilitation were real if  
she were to serve a long period of imprisonment.
[6] In   this   case   the   circumstances   of   the   appellant   were   as 
follows:
1. He was nineteen years old at the commission of the  
crime.
2. He ultimately realised his error and changed his plea to 
a   plea   of   guilty   which   shows   acknowledgment   of 
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wrongdoing on his part and remorse therefore.
3. He was a first offender.
4. He played a lesser role in the commission of the crime  
and it appears that the co­perpetrator of the crime was  
dominating him.
5. The prospects of rehabilitation are real as he pleaded  
guilty.
6. Though the value of the items stolen was R6 970,00  
the appellant only took the TV set and duvets with a  
total value of ± R1 000.00 which items were recovered  
by the complainant.
[7] I am of the view that the cumulative effect of the facts noted  
above amounts to substantial and compelling circumstances  
that influence the imposition of the maximum sentence to be  
imposed in line with the provisions of section 51(2) and 51(3)  
of Act 105 of 1997.
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[8] It is therefore ordered that the sentence imposed by the trial  
court   be   set   aside   and   substituted   with   the   following 
sentence:
1. Appellant is sentenced to 8 (eight) years imprisonment.  
The sentence must be deemed to have been imposed on  
2 November 1999.
________________
T.V. MATSEPE, AJ
I agree.
_______________________
C.H.G. VAN DER MERWE, J
On behalf of appellant: Mr. J van H Vorster
Instructed by:
 Vorster Botha Bredenkamp Inc
BLOEMFONTEIN
On behalf of respondent: Adv. L. Faber
Instructed by:
Director: Public Prosecutions
BLOEMFONTEIN
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