S v Mofokeng (1284/2005) [2005] ZAFSHC 145 (10 November 2005)

52 Reportability
Criminal Law

Brief Summary

Criminal Law — Sentencing — Juvenile offender — Accused, a seventeen-year-old boy, convicted of housebreaking with intent to steal and theft, initially sentenced to 36 months imprisonment — Evidence presented indicated no previous convictions at sentencing, and mitigating factors included the accused's age and lack of support — Subsequent proof of two prior convictions raised concerns regarding the appropriateness of the initial sentence — Court found the original sentence excessively harsh given the circumstances, particularly the age of the accused and the rehabilitative potential available in juvenile detention — Sentence reduced to 24 months imprisonment, deemed imposed on the date of the last hearing.

IN THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
(ORANGE FREE STATE PROVINCIAL DIVISION)
Review No. : 1284/2005
In the review between:­
THE STATE
versus
TSHEPO MOFOKENG
_____________________________________________________
CORAM: HANCKE  J  et  WRIGHT  J
JUDGMENT BY: WRIGHT  J
_____________________________________________________
DELIVERED ON: 10 NOVEMBER 2005
_____________________________________________________
[1] The accused, a seventeen­year old boy, was found guilty of  
housebreaking with intent to steal and theft and sentenced to 
36 (thirty six) months imprisonment.
[2] It appears that the State proved no previous convictions at  
that   stage.     The   accused   requested   forgiveness   for   his 
conduct.  After that he was questioned by the court and at a  
later   stage   the   evidence   of   the   social   worker,   Jacoba 
Petronella Prinsloo, was led.  She mentioned,  inter alia, the 
following during her evidence:
“1. Accused   has   no   background   at   all   as   far   as   I   have 
investigated the matter.
2. No one is prepared to take the responsibility.
3. At least if the court can impose a direct imprisonment, that sentence 
can be suitable for him.
4. At least he will get a shelter, a meal everyday.
5. He will be away to the situation of getting himself in committing crimes.
6. He will be referred to Juvenile Prison.
7. He will have the opportunity to attend the school while in Juvenile 
Prison and when he leaves the place – will be able to stand on his own feet,
8. At the Juvenile cells everything that can be suitable for him will be 
made and he will be monitored on each and every step he takes.
9. If he cannot cope at school mentally there are other opportunities that 
are available like hand­craft etc.
10. We set programmes that will enhance him in his life, like Psychiatrics 
who will rehabilitate him in drug abuse as he is using drugs.
11. The section programmes I have mentioned are suitable for Prisoners 
that are sentenced from 2 years and above.”
[3] Evidence was led on 8 September 2005 and at a later stage  
on   15   September   2005   when   the   State   did   prove   two 
previous convictions which were admitted by the accused.  
At   that   stage   he   was   not   told   that   he   can   lead   further 
evidence if required with regard to sentence.
[4] The two previous convictions both date from 2004 and refer  
to housebreaking and theft and stock theft respectively.  The  
2
other aggravating factor is that an amount of R6 100,00 was  
involved in the present matter.  
[5] Mitigating factors are that the stolen goods were recovered  
and most important that the accused was only a seventeen­
year old boy when the crime was committed.   The social  
worker mentioned many other mitigating factors which the  
magistrate  refers  to  in   paragraph  3  of   his  reasons  which 
reads as follows:
“The sentence might seem to be drastic by its  nature.    The court  
considered the personal circumstances of the offender that he is  
not born and bred in the area he is currently residing, family  
members cannot be traced, has no guardian, no visible means  
of support, is not schooling, not working, he is mentally neglect,  
furnishing false information to protect himself, he is not under  
proper control so to be disciplined, he is a victim of outside  
forces,   and   is   capable   of   being   manipulated   by   outside 
circumstances as a result of his upbringing.  He is not removed  
from his family members but is removed from the tendency of  
vicious boys, from the community he disturbs the balances of  
legal order which may lead to the evil, that those immediately  
3
affected by the crime decide to take the law into their hands and  
punish him.”
[6] In view of all the circumstances I come to the conclusion that  
the   sentence   is   sufficiently   inappropriate   to   necessitate 
interference.  The main factor here is of cause the age of the  
accused and the mitigating factors mentioned in the report.
[7] The conviction is accordingly confirmed but the sentence set 
aside and replaced with the following:
Twenty four (24) months imprisonment.
The sentence must be deemed to have been imposed on 15 
September 2005.
_____________
G.F. WRIGHT, J
I agree.
_______________
S.P.B. HANCKE, J
/sp
4